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| 1837 |
| | | Potgieter defeats the Ndebele at the Marico river and drives them north of the Limpopo | |
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| 1837 |
| | | Piet Retief reaches a provisional agreement with Dingaan, the Zulu leader, for a Boer settlement in southern Natal | |
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| 1838 |
| | | During a ceremony to celebrate their treaty with Dingaan, Piet Retief and his Boer companions are overpowered and killed | |
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| 1838 |
| | | Dingaan's warriors massacre Boer families in a series of dawn raids near the Bloukrans river | |
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| 1838 |
| | | The river Ncome becomes known as the Blood River after thousands of Zulu die attacking Andries Pretorius and the Boers | |
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| 1839 |
| | | Andries Pretorius sets up the Boer republic of Natalia, with its capital at Pietermaritzburg | |
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| 1840 |
| | | With Boer help, Mpande removes his brother Dingaan from the Zulu throne and takes his place | |
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| 1843 |
| | | The British take control of the existing Boer republic and proclaim Natal a British protectorate | |
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| 1847 |
| | | Pretorius leads the last Boer families out of Natal and over the Drakensberg to the high veld | |
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| 1848 |
| | | Harry Smith annexes for Britain the land between the Orange and Vaal rivers, calling it the Orange River Sovereignty | |
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